Make Tetris in Pygames
Table of Content
- Setting Play Area
- Creating Tetrominos (Blocks)
- Player Inputs (Moving Sideways)
- Player Inputs (Moving down)
- Randomizing next Tetromino
- Stoping Figure on bottom
- Player Inputs (Rotation)
- Removing Full lines (Basically finished with gameplay)
- Modifying game window
- Adding color to Tetrominos
- Title and Next Block
- Score and Feel
- Game Over Handler (New high score)
- Optionals
- CONGRATS YOU MADE TETRIS
Image of Final product
Download stuff from our github
Click here to download stuff
This includes:
- Pygame baseplate (work in this file)
- Background images
- HANGTHEDJ font
Double check that python and pygames is installed on your machine
Check Python
For Windows: py --version
For Mac: python3 --version
Check for pygames Run in terminal: pip show pygame
Empty 2D array for Tetromino (No need copy this one)
# Tetromino Objects and Variables
tetrominos_pos = [[(),(),(),()],
[(),(),(),()],
[(),(),(),()],
[(),(),(),()],
[(),(),(),()],
[(),(),(),()],
[(),(),(),()]]
Filled 2D array of Tetromino
# Tetromino Objects and Variables
tetrominos_pos = [[(-1,-1),(-2,-1),(0,-1),(1,-1)], # I
[(0,-1),(-1,-1),(-1,0),(0,0)], # O
[(0,0),(-1,-1),(0,-1),(1,0)], # Z
[(0,0),(-1,0),(0,-1),(1,-1)], # S
[(0,0),(-1,0),(1,0),(1,-1)], # L
[(0,0),(-1,-1),(-1,0),(1,0)], # J
[(0,0),(-1,0),(1,0),(0,-1)]] # T
# Tetromino Objects and Variables
tetrominos_pos = [[...]]
# NEW CODE HERE
tetrominos = [[pygame.Rect(x + WIDTH // 2, y +1, 1, 1) for x, y in block_pos] for block_pos in tetrominos_pos]
tetromino_rect = pygame.Rect(0,0, TILE -2, TILE -2)
tetromino = deepcopy(tetrominos[0])
# End Zone
feild = [[0 for i in range(WIDTH)] for j in range(HEIGHT)]
#NEW CODE END
Drawing the Tetromoino (Inside game loop at bottom)
# Rendering / Drawing sprites
# NEW CODE HERE
for i in range(4):
tetromino_rect.x = tetromino[i].x * TILE
tetromino_rect.y = tetromino[i].y * TILE
pygame.draw.rect(screen, pygame.Color("white"), tetromino_rect)
# NEW CODE END
UNCOMMENT COMMENTS FROM check_borders() AND REMOVE pass
def check_borders():
if tetromino[i].x < 0 or tetromino[i].x > WIDTH-1:
return False
elif tetromino[i].y > HEIGHT -1 or feild[tetromino[i].y][tetromino[i].x]:
return False
return True
Add inputs
# Controls
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
# NEW CODE HERE
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
# Sideways controls
if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
dir_x = -1
elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
dir_x = 1
# X movement
tetromino_old = deepcopy(tetromino)
for i in range(4):
tetromino[i].x += dir_x
if not check_borders():
tetromino = deepcopy(tetromino_old)
break
Create new Variables
# Animation Variables
anim_count, anim_speed, anim_limit = 0, 60, 2000 # NEW CODE HERE
Make the Tetrominos fall
# Y movement
anim_count += anim_speed
if anim_count > anim_limit:
anim_count = 0
tetromino_old = deepcopy(tetromino)
for i in range(4):
tetromino[i].y += 1
Increase fall speed when Down arrow is pressed
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
# Controls
if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
dir_x = -1
elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
dir_x = 1
# NEW CODE HERE
elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
anim_limit = 100
# IN THE OUTER IF STATEMENT
elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
if event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
anim_limit = 2000
Stoping Tetrominos that has hit the bottom
# y movement
anim_count += anim_speed
if anim_count > anim_limit:
anim_count = 0
tetromino_old = deepcopy(tetromino)
for i in range(4):
tetromino[i].y += 1
# NEW CODE HERE
if not check_borders():
for i in range(4):
feild[tetromino_old[i].y][tetromino_old[i].x] = pygame.Color('white')
tetromino = deepcopy(choice(tetrominos))
break
Modify Tetromino Objects and Variables to randomly choose First Tetromino
# Tetromino Objects and Variables
tetrominos_pos = [[...]]
tetrominos = [[pygame.Rect(x + WIDTH // 2, y +1, 1, 1) for x, y in block_pos] for block_pos in tetrominos_pos]
tetromino_rect = pygame.Rect(0,0, TILE -2, TILE -2)
# OLD CODE tetromino = deepcopy(tetrominos[0]) REPLACE WITH
tetromino = deepcopy(choice(tetrominos)) # NEW LINE OF CODE
Drawing the feild / End zone
# Rendering / Drawing sprites
for i in range(4):
tetromino_rect.x = tetromino[i].x * TILE
tetromino_rect.y = tetromino[i].y * TILE
pygame.draw.rect(screen, pygame.Color("white"), tetromino_rect)
# NEW CODE HERE
for y, row in enumerate(feild):
for x, col in enumerate(row):
if col:
tetromino_rect.x, tetromino_rect.y = x * TILE, y * TILE
pygame.draw.rect(screen, col, tetromino_rect)
New Input (Up arrow) Inside of Controls
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
dir_x = -1
elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
dir_x = 1
elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
anim_limit = 100
# NEW CODE HERE
elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:
rotate = True
# NEW CODE END
elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
if event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
anim_limit = 2000
Rotation logic
# Rotating
center = tetromino[0]
tetromino_old = deepcopy(tetromino)
if rotate:
for i in range(4):
x = tetromino[i].y - center.y
y = tetromino[i].x - center.x
tetromino[i].x = center.x - x
tetromino[i].y = center.y + y
if not check_borders():
tetromino = deepcopy(tetromino_old)
break
Removing lines
# Line Check / Removal
line = HEIGHT - 1
for row in range(HEIGHT - 1, -1, -1):
count = 0
for i in range(WIDTH):
if feild[row][i]:
count += 1
feild[line][i] = feild[row][i]
if count < WIDTH:
line -= 1
else:
anim_speed += 3
lines += 1
Create new Variables
WIDTH, HEIGHT = 10, 18;
TILE = 45;
GAME_RES = (WIDTH * TILE, HEIGHT * TILE)
RES = 750, 940 # NEW LINE HERE
Change screen to surface and a new sc to display
screen = pygame.Surface(GAME_RES)
sc = pygame.display.set_mode(RES)
Adding our background (Inside Game loop)
while True:
dir_x = 0
rotate = False
# OLD CODE screen.fill(pygame.Color("black")) REPLACE WITH
# NEW CODE HERE
sc.blit(bg, (0,0))
sc.blit(screen, (20,20))
screen.blit(game_bg, (0,0))
# NEW CODE END
# Controls
Adding a new element to our positions
tetrominos_pos = [[(-1,-1),(-2,-1),(0,-1),(1,-1), (0,173,238)], # I
[(0,-1),(-1,-1),(-1,0),(0,0), (255,241,0)], # O
[(0,0),(-1,-1),(0,-1),(1,0), (236,27,36)], # Z
[(0,0),(-1,0),(0,-1),(1,-1), (139,197,63)], # S
[(0,0),(-1,0),(1,0),(1,-1), (246, 146, 30)], # L
[(0,0),(-1,-1),(-1,0),(1,0), (27, 116, 187)], # J
[(0,0),(-1,0),(1,0),(0,-1), (101,45,144)]] # T
Change tetrominos To ignore last element
# Change block_pos to block_pos[:-1], and add + [block_pos[-1]]
tetrominos = [
[pygame.Rect(x + WIDTH // 2, y + 1, 1, 1) for x, y in block_pos[:-1]] + [block_pos[-1]]
for block_pos in tetrominos_pos
]
Replace pygame.Color("white") with tetromino[4]
Inside Y movement
if not check_borders():
for i in range(4):
feild[tetromino_old[i].y][tetromino_old[i].x] = tetromino[4]
tetromino = deepcopy(choice(tetrominos))
break
Inside Rendering / Drawing sprites, when rendering feild / Endzone
# Rendering / Drawing sprites
for i in range(4):
tetromino_rect.x = tetromino[i].x * TILE
tetromino_rect.y = tetromino[i].y * TILE
pygame.draw.rect(screen, tetromino[4], tetromino_rect)
Making it so Tetromino "O" no longer rotates
# Rotating
center = tetromino[0]
tetromino_old = deepcopy(tetromino)
if rotate and tetromino[4] != (255, 241, 0) : # MODIFY CODE HERE
for i in range(4):
x = tetromino[i].y - center.y
y = tetromino[i].x - center.x
tetromino[i].x = center.x - x
tetromino[i].y = center.y + y
if not check_borders():
tetromino = deepcopy(tetromino_old)
break
Create new Font variables and text variable
# Fonts and texts
title_font = pygame.font.Font('HANGTHEDJ.ttf', 65)
font = pygame.font.Font('HANGTHEDJ.ttf', 45)
title_tetris = title_font.render('TETRIS', True, pygame.Color('darkorange'))
Show next block, Modify Tetromino Initialization inside Tetromino Objects and Variables
# Tetromino Objects and Variables
tetrominos_pos = [[...]]
tetrominos = [[pygame.Rect(x + WIDTH // 2, y +1, 1, 1) for x, y in block_pos] for block_pos in tetrominos_pos]
tetromino_rect = pygame.Rect(0,0, TILE -2, TILE -2)
# OLD CODE tetromino = deepcopy(choice(tetrominos)) REPLACE WITH
tetromino, next_tetromino = deepcopy(choice(tetrominos)), deepcopy(choice(tetrominos)) # NEW LINE OF CODE
Inside Y movement, change spawning tetromino
for i in range(4):
tetromino[i].y += 1
if not check_borders():
for i in range(4):
feild[tetromino_old[i].y][tetromino_old[i].x] = tetromino[4]
tetromino = next_tetromino # MODIFIED CODE
next_tetromino = deepcopy(choice(tetrominos)) # NEW CODE HERE
break
Rendering the next figure and title
# Rendering / Drawing sprites
# Rendering Tetromino
...
# Rendering feild / Endzone
...
# Rendering the title
sc.blit(title_tetris, (475, 20))
# Rendering the next tetromino
for i in range(4):
tetromino_rect.x = next_tetromino[i].x * TILE + 375
tetromino_rect.y = next_tetromino[i].y * TILE + 185
pygame.draw.rect(sc, next_tetromino[4], tetromino_rect)
Modifying Line Check / Removal and computing score
# Line Check / Removal
line, lines = HEIGHT - 1, 0 # MODIFIED CODE HERE
for row in range(HEIGHT - 1, -1, -1):
count = 0
for i in range(WIDTH):
if feild[row][i]:
count += 1
feild[line][i] = feild[row][i]
if count < WIDTH:
line -= 1
else:
anim_speed += 3
lines += 1
score += scores[lines] # NEW LINE HERE
Adding slight delay when clearing a line (At top of Game loop)
while True:
dir_x = 0
rotate = False
sc.blit(bg, (0,0))
sc.blit(screen, (20,20))
screen.blit(game_bg, (0,0))
# NEW CODE HERE
if lines > 0:
pygame.time.wait(200)
# Controls
Add new Score text variable
# Fonts and texts
title_font = pygame.font.Font('HANGTHEDJ.ttf', 65)
font = pygame.font.Font('HANGTHEDJ.ttf', 45)
title_tetris = title_font.render('TETRIS', True, pygame.Color('darkorange'))
# NEW CODE HERE
title_score = font.render('score:', True, pygame.Color('green'))
Displaying score (Inside Rendering / Drawing sprites)
# Rendering the title
sc.blit(title_tetris, (475, 20))
# NEW CODE HERE
sc.blit(title_score, (535, 780))
sc.blit(font.render(str(score), True, pygame.Color('white')), (550, 840))
Creating Records (Inside Fonts and texts)
# Fonts and texts
title_font = pygame.font.Font('HANGTHEDJ.ttf', 65)
font = pygame.font.Font('HANGTHEDJ.ttf', 45)
title_tetris = title_font.render('TETRIS', True, pygame.Color('darkorange'))
title_score = font.render('score:', True, pygame.Color('green'))
# NEW CODE HERE
title_HIGH = font.render('High', True, pygame.Color('purple'))
title_SCORE = font.render('Score:', True, pygame.Color('purple'))
Displaying High Scores (Inside Rendering / Drawing sprites)
# Rendering the title
sc.blit(title_tetris, (475, 20))
# Rendering current score
sc.blit(title_score, (535, 780))
sc.blit(font.render(str(score), True, pygame.Color('white')), (550, 840))
# NEW CODE HERE
sc.blit(title_HIGH, (525, 600))
sc.blit(title_SCORE, (525, 650))
record = str(max(int(record) if record.isdigit() else 0, score))
sc.blit(font.render(str(record), True, pygame.Color('gold')), (550, 710))
Creating new Game over text
# Fonts and texts
title_font = pygame.font.Font('HANGTHEDJ.ttf', 65)
font = pygame.font.Font('HANGTHEDJ.ttf', 45)
gameOverFont = pygame.font.Font('HANGTHEDJ.ttf', 100) # NEW CODE HERE
title_tetris = title_font.render('TETRIS', True, pygame.Color('darkorange'))
title_score = font.render('score:', True, pygame.Color('green'))
title_HIGH = font.render('High', True, pygame.Color('purple'))
title_SCORE = font.render('Score:', True, pygame.Color('purple'))
GameOverTxt = gameOverFont.render('GAME OVER', True, pygame.Color('firebrick1')) # NEW CODE HERE
Handinling Game Over Logic
# Game over
for i in range(WIDTH):
if feild[0][i]:
set_record(record,score)
death_flag = True
sc.blit(GameOverTxt, (WIDTH * TILE/8, HEIGHT * TILE/2))
Below Controls and Above X movement add this line
#Controls
if death_flag: continue # NEW LINE HERE
# X movement
In the coming workshops we will be doing Gotdot, Pixel art, and Unity.
Additionally for those who don't know this seal is Solly. This is an image of Solly from 2 years ago, happy and not coding. however Solly now is sad and secluded s̶l̶a̶v̶i̶n̶g̶ ̶a̶w̶a̶y̶ working for a Triple A game company. Here at the Game Dev Club we miss Solly's smile and want to feed him down in ̶t̶h̶e̶ ̶b̶a̶s̶e̶m̶e̶n̶t̶ office, however the filthy esports people are taking away our funding to help feed Solly.
So please do not forget to sign in to help Solly.
Fun Fact, Valorant Club Alone at USF got around $30,000 in funding last year. Did you know one McDonalds meal cost about $7.01, you can feed Solly 4,279 times with that much money.